Detractors of Al Gore.

Most of Al Gore's detractors are members of the government who disagree de Al Gore's point of view. They think that he is a liar and the government believe that the money that have to be used to the global warming is used in other thingst. They accuse him of using climate change to profit himself

Antartic today.

Antarctica is therefore one of the few places in the world that can truly be described as having been discovered, rather than already people living there already who had "discovered" it long before.
No-one lives in Antarctica indefinitely in the way that they do in the rest of the world. It has no industries, no towns or cities, or permanent residents. The only "settlements" with longer term residents (measured in months or more) are scientific bases.
In the last years the Antarctica is suffering a lot of changes due to the global warming, the temperature is incresing and it produces the melting of icebergs. This melting affects the habitats of living beings that make their lifes there.

Molecular diseases: mutations.

                                          MUTATIONS. 

In genetics, a mutation is a change of the nucleotide sequence of the genome of an organism, virus, or extrachromosomal genetic element. Mutations result from unrepaired damage to DNA or to RNA genomes (typically caused by radiation or chemical mutagens), from errors in the process of replication, or from the insertion or deletion of segments of DNA by mobile genetic elements. Mutations may or may not produce discernable changes in the observable characteristics (phenotype) of an organism. Mutations play a part in both normal and abnormal biological processes, including evolution, cancer, and the development of the immune system.

Insertions: occur when extra DNA is added into a existing gene.

Deletions: remove information from the gene. A deletion could be as small as a single base or as large as the gene itself.

Frame shift: mutations result from either addition or deletion of one ot two nucleotide bases. When this occurs the ''reading frame'' is changed so that all the codons read after the mutation are incorrect, even though the bases themselves may be still present.

Al Gore's biography

Former Vice President Al Gore is co-founder and chairman of Generation Investment Management. He is a senior partner at Kleiner Perkins Caufield & Byers, and a member of Apple, Inc.'s board of directors. Gore spends the majority of his time as chairman of The Climate Reality Project, a non-profit devoted to solving the climate crisis.
Gore was elected to the U.S. House of Representatives in 1976, 1978, 1980 and 1982 and the U.S. Senate in 1984 and 1990. He was inaugurated as the forty-fifth Vice President of the United States on January 20, 1993, and served eight years.
He is the author of the bestsellers Earth in the Balance, An Inconvenient Truth, The Assault on Reason, Our Choice: A Plan to Solve the Climate Crisis, and most recently, The Future: Six Drivers of Global Change. He is the subject of an Oscar-winning documentary and is the co-recipient, with the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, of the 2007 Nobel Peace Prize for "informing the world of the dangers posed by climate change."

CLONANTION.

              NUCLEAR TRANSFER: DOLLY THE SHEEP.

Nuclear transfer is a form of cloning. The steps involve removing the DNA from an oocyte (unfertilized egg), and injecting the nucleus which contains the DNA to be cloned. In rare instances, the newly constructed cell will divide normally, replicating the new DNA while remaining in a pluripotent state. If the cloned cells are placed in the uterus of a female maman, a cloned organism develops to term in rare instances. This is how Dolly the Sheep and many other species were cloned. Cows are commonly cloned to select those that have the best milk production.
Dolly the Sheep was cloned at the Roslin Institute in Midlothian, Scotland, and lived there until her death when she was six years old. The name "Dolly" came from a suggestion by the stockmen who helped with her birth, in honor of Dolly Parton, because it was a mammary cell that was cloned. When Dolly was cloned in 1996 from a cell taken from a six-year-old ewe, she became the center of much controversy that still exists today. After cloning was successfully demonstrated through the production of Dolly, many other large mammals have been cloned, including horses and bulls.

Gregor Mendel.

                               GREGOR MENDEL.

Gregor Johann Mendel was born  on july 20, 1822. He was an austrian botanist and plant experimenter who laid the mathematical foundation of the science of genetics. As a child, Mendel benefited from the progressive education provided by the local vicar, and he eventually enrolled at the Philosophical Institute in Olmutz (now Olomouc). Working in his monastery's garden, he began planning the experiments that led to his formulation of the basic principle of heredity. He used the edible pea for his studies, crossing varieties that had maintained constant differences in distinct traits such as height (tall or short) and seed colour (green or yellow). Mendel demonstrated that the inheritanceof certain tarits in pea plants follows particular patterns, now referred to as the laws of Mendelian inheritance. The profound significance of Mendel's work was not recognized until the turn of the 20th century, when the independent rediscovery of these laws initiated the modern science of genetics. He theorized that the occurrence of the visible alternative traits, in the constant hybrids and in their progeny, was due to the occurrence of paired elementary units of heredity, now known as genes. What was new in Mendel's interpretation of his data was his recognition that genes obey simple statistical laws. His system proved to be of general application and is one of the basic principles of biology.

PROGERIA.

                                        

                                       PROGERIA. 

 Progeria is a rare genetic disorder that causes children to age prematurely. The classic type of childhood progeria is Hutchinson-Gilford syndrome, which is commonly referred to as progeria. It is characterized by dwarfism, baldness, pinched nose, small face and small jaw relative to the head size, delayed tooth formation, aged-looking skin, diminution of fat beneath the skin, stiff joints, and premature arteriosclerosis. Children with the progeria syndrome usually appear normal at birth. However, within a year, their growth rate slows and their appearance begins to change and age prematurely. They often suffer from symptoms typically seen in elderly people, especially severe cardiovascular disease. Death occurs on average at age 13, usually from heart attack. 

 

Hutchinson-Gilford progeria syndrome has several names in the literature (progeria, progeria of childhood, HGPS, and progeria syndrome); parents and others are urged to consult with a specialist in genetic diseases for additional information about diagnosis and treatments.

 Adalia Rose Williams, from Round Rock, Texas, suffers from a rare condition
called progeria which is making her tiny body age several times faster than
normal.